Organelles – Structure and Function

This quiz covers the major organelles found in animal and plant cells: nucleus, nucleolus, endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth), ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, vacuoles, chloroplasts, microfilaments, and microtubules - their structure and roles.

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QUESTION OF
Views #: 24
Questions #: 20
Time: 10 minutes
Pass Score: 80.0%
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What is the name for well-defined subcellular structures enveloped in membranes?

1 pts
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Inside eukaryotic cells, there are many specialized structures, each performing specific functions.

What is the general term for well-defined subcellular structures enveloped in membranes?

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Explanation

Fill in blanks

1 pts

This organelle is the control center of the cell, containing the genetic material in the form of chromosomes.

The large organelle containing chromosomes is the (1).

Please drag and drop the selected option in the right place or type it instead
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
vacuole
lysosome
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Explanation

What is the conspicuous dark area within the nucleus that contains a high concentration of ribonucleic acid and protein?

1 pts
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When a cell is not dividing, there is a conspicuous dark area visible within the nucleus.

What is this structure called, and what does it contain?

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Correct Answer

Explanation

The nucleus boundary

1 pts

The nucleus is enclosed by a double-layered boundary that separates it from the cytoplasm.

The nucleus is bounded by the (1), which consists of two complete membranes similar in structure to the plasma membrane.

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nuclear membrane
nucleoplasm
cell wall
nucleolar organizer
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Explanation

The endoplasmic reticulum is a series of double-layered membranes that greatly increases surface area for which purpose?

1 pts
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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is found throughout the cytoplasm and plays a critical role in cell metabolism.

What is the primary purpose of the greatly increased surface area it provides?

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Explanation

Endoplasmic reticulum may occur with or without small particles that are the actual sites of protein synthesis. What are these particles called?

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The endoplasmic reticulum comes in two forms: one lined with small particles (rough ER), and one without (smooth ER).

What are these small particles — the actual sites of protein synthesis — called?

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Explanation

Fill in blanks

1 pts

Besides occurring singly on the endoplasmic reticulum or freely in the cytoplasm, some ribosomes group together.

Ribosomes that occur in clumps or clusters are collectively known as (1) or (2).

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polyribosomes
amyloplasts
chromoplasts
polysomes
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Explanation

What does the Golgi apparatus do with synthesized glycoproteins?

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Certain synthesized materials from the ribosomes travel along the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.

Select ALL correct statements about the role of the Golgi apparatus.

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Explanation

Which organelle contains strong digestive enzymes that act as the cell's digestive system?

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This organelle is responsible for breaking down particles taken in by pinocytosis or phagocytosis, and can also break down old parts of the cell.

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Explanation

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1 pts

Often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell, mitochondria produce the molecule that powers most cellular activities.

Mitochondria supply the cell with chemical energy in the form of (1).

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RNA
ADP
ATP
glucose
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Explanation

Fill in blanks

1 pts

The mitochondrion has two membranes. The inner membrane is highly folded to increase surface area.

These inwardly directed folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane are called (1), and they extend into a semifluid (2).

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matrix
grana
cristae
stroma
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Explanation

Match each plastid type to its correct description.

1 pts

Plastids are organelles found in plant cells and come in several types depending on their contents. Match each type to its description.

To complete the line match

  1. Click on an item in the first group
  2. Click on the match in the second group

To delete a match, double click on a line

Plastid Type

Amyloplasts
Chloroplasts
Leucoplasts
Chromoplasts

Description

Contain yellow, orange, or red pigments
Plastids filled with starch
Contain green pigment (chlorophyll) for photosynthesis
Colorless plastids with no pigment
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Explanation

In addition to chlorophyll, chloroplasts also contain which other pigments?

1 pts
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Chloroplasts are best known for containing chlorophyll, the green pigment used in photosynthesis. However, they also contain additional pigments.

What are these additional pigments in chloroplasts?

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Explanation

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1 pts

Plant cells often dedicate a large portion of their internal volume to a single membrane-bound, fluid-filled space.

Much of the total volume of most plant cells is made up of a single (1).

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autosome
vacuole
ribosome
tonoplast
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Explanation

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1 pts

Vacuoles are membrane-bound fluid-filled spaces. The specific membrane that encloses the vacuole has its own name.

The membrane surrounding the vacuole is called the (1).

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tonoplast
microtubule
microfilament
amyloplast
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Explanation

Within a cell's cytoplasm are many long, thin protein fibers about six nanometers in diameter. What are these called?

1 pts
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Inside the cytoplasm, long thin protein fibers play an important role in maintaining cell structure and enabling cell movement.

These fibers are only about six nanometers in diameter. What are they called?

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Correct Answer

Explanation

Fill in blanks

1 pts

A phenomenon visible in many plant cells under the light microscope involves the continuous movement of cytoplasm within the cell.

This constant movement is called (1).

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microtubular movement
ciliar movement
flagellar movement
cytoplasmic streaming
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Explanation

Classify each organelle as found in Animal Cells Only, Plant Cells Only, or Both.

1 pts

Drag each organelle into the correct category based on where it is found.

Drag and drop each option into the correct category. Click ✕ to return an item to the pool.

Options Pool
Animal Cells Only
Drop here
Plant Cells Only
Drop here
Both
Drop here
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Correct Answer

Explanation

Match each organelle to its primary function.

1 pts

Each organelle in the cell has a specific primary function. Match the organelle on the left to its correct function on the right.

To complete the line match

  1. Click on an item in the first group
  2. Click on the match in the second group

To delete a match, double click on a line

Organelle

Mitochondrion
Ribosome
Lysosome
Golgi apparatus
Nucleus

Primary Function

Site of protein synthesis
Produces ATP (cellular energy)
Contains genetic material; controls cell activity
Contains digestive enzymes; breaks down cellular debris
Concentrates, modifies, and packages secretory products
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Correct Answer

Explanation

Fill in blanks

1 pts

Plastids have an internal structure consisting of membranes (lamellae) and a surrounding protein-rich fluid.

The proteinaceous matrix inside plastids is known as the (1).

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amyloplasts
grana
stroma
thylakoids
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Explanation

✕
0
sin cos tan
sin-1 cos-1 tan-1 π e
xy x3 x2 ex 10x
y√x 3√x √x ln log
( ) 1/x % n!
7 8 9 + MS
4 5 6 – M+
1 2 3 × M-
0 . EXP ÷ MR
± RND C = MC
Keywords
Year 8 Year 11